'동명사' (動名詞, gerund)
동사가 동사 이외의 품사로 기능하는 꼴 중 하나이다. 이름에 걸맞게 명사 역할을 한다.
관형어로 기능하면 분사(分詞, participle), 부사어로 기능하면 부동사(副動詞, converb), 명사어로 기능하면 동명사인 식.
(나무)
Basic Rules for Gerunds and Infinitives
Gerunds and infinitives can replace a noun in a sentence.
Gerund = the present participle (-ing) form of the verb, e.g., singing, dancing, running.
Infinitive = to + the base form of the verb, e.g., to sing, to dance, to run.
Whether you use a gerund or an infinitive depends on the main verb in the sentence.
I expect to have the results of the operation soon. (Infinitive)
I anticipate having the research completed eventually. (Gerund)
Gerunds can be used after certain verbs including enjoy, fancy, discuss, dislike, finish, mind, suggest, recommend, keep, and avoid.
- After prepositions of place and time.
I made dinner before getting home.
He looked unhappy after seeing his work schedule.
- To replace the subject or object of a sentence
Lachlan likes eating coconut oil.
Jumping off a cliff is dangerous, but a real thrill.
Infinitives can be used after certain verbs including agree, ask, decide, help, plan, hope, learn, want, would like, and promise.
- After many adjectives:
It is hard to make dinner this late.
I find it difficult to describe my feelings about writing research essays.
- To show purpose:
I left for Russia to study Russian.
I came to the office to solve the mystery of the missing keys.
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